OVC-CARE Project

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https://hdl.handle.net/2144/26974

Repository for materials published for the USAID supported Orphans and Vulnerable Children Comprehensive Action Research Project (OVC-CARE) at the Boston University Center for Global Health and Development.

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Zambia research situation analysis on orphans and other vulnerable children
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2009-08) Biemba, Godfrey; Macwan'gi, Mubiana; Phiri, Bernard; Simon, Jonathon; Costello, Jill; Beard, Jennifer; Brooks, Bram
Addressing the needs of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) and mitigating negative outcomes of the growing OVC population worldwide is a high priority for national governments and international stakeholders across the globe who recognize this as an issue with social, economic, and human rights dimensions. Assembling the relevant available data on OVC in one place, and acknowledging the gaps that still exist in our knowledge, will assist policy makers and program implementers to make evidence-based decisions about how best to direct funding and program activities and maximize positive outcomes for children and their caretakers. This Research Situation Analysis, Zambia Country Brief presents a program-focused summary of available information on: • The number of orphans and vulnerable children in Zambia • Current policies, programs and interventions designed and implemented to assist them • Gaps in these policies, programs and interventions • OVC research conducted between 2004-2008 • Gaps in the Zambian OVC evidence base. The Brief analyzes the available data for critical gaps in the national response and our understanding about whether current interventions are fulfilling the needs and improving the lives of vulnerable children. The report then recommends actions required to increase the knowledge base for improving the effectiveness and impact of OVC programs.
Vietnam research situation analysis on orphans and other vulnerable children
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2009-08) Biemba, Godfrey; Nguyen, Huong T.; Ha, Le Hai; Simon, Jonathon; Costello, Jill; Beard, Jennifer; Brooks, Bram
Addressing the needs of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) and mitigating negative outcomes of the growing OVC population worldwide is a high priority for national governments and international stakeholders across the globe who recognize this as an issue with social, economic, and human rights dimensions. Assembling the relevant available data on OVC in one place, and acknowledging the gaps that still exist in our knowledge, will assist policy makers and program implementers to make evidence-based decisions about how best to direct funding and program activities and maximize positive outcomes for children and their caretakers. This Research Situation Analysis, Vietnam Country Brief presents a program-focused summary of available information on: • The number of orphans and vulnerable children in Vietnam. • Current policies, programs and interventions designed and implemented to assist them. • Gaps in these policies, programs and interventions. • OVC research conducted between 2004 -2008. • Gaps in the OVC evidence base. The Brief analyzes the available data for critical gaps in the national response and our understanding about whether current interventions are fulfilling the needs and improving the lives of vulnerable children. The report then recommends actions required to increase the knowledge base for improving the effectiveness and impact of OVC programs.
OVC costing technical consultation meeting report
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-06-28) OVC‐CARE project
The two day meeting explored the challenges and lessons learned from existing OVC program costing and outcome evaluation studies from various countries, and how these country and program specific models can lead to more robust methodologies to strengthen national OVC planning and programming.
The scale, scope and impact of alternative care for OVC in developing countries
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-01) Biemba, Godfrey; Beard, Jennifer; Brooks, Bram; Bresnahan, Megan; Flynn, David; Simon, Jonathon
Over 145 million children worldwide have lost one or both parents due to various causes, 15 million of these are due to AIDS (1,2); and many more have been made vulnerable due to other causes. The global community has responded by putting in place various care arrangements for these children. However, the scale, scope and impact of these alternative care approaches have not been well summarized. The aim of this literature review is to synthesize and analyze available data on alternative care approaches and the impact of these placements on the lives of orphans and other vulnerable children. Both the short-term and long term wellbeing of a child depends a lot on where they live and the care they receive in those settings.
The scale, scope and impact of alternative care for OVC in developing countries
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010) Biemba, Godfrey; Beard, Jennifer; Simon, Jonathon
Over 145 million children worldwide have lost one or both parents due to various causes, 15 million of these are due to AIDS; and many more have been made vulnerable due to other causes. The global community has responded by putting in place various care arrangements for these children. However, the scale, scope and impact of these alternative care approaches have not been well summarized. The aim of this literature review is to synthesize and analyze available data on alternative care placements and their impact on the lives of orphans and other vulnerable children (OVC). Both the short-term and long term wellbeing of a child depends a lot on where they live and the care they receive in those settings.
Nigeria research situation analysis on orphans and other vulnerable children
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2009-08) Biemba, Godfrey; Walker, Ebunlomo; Simon, Jonathon; Costello, Jill; Beard, Jennifer; Brooks, Bram
Addressing the needs of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) and mitigating negative outcomes of the growing OVC population worldwide is a high priority for national governments and international stakeholders across the globe who recognize this as an issue with social, economic, and human rights dimensions. Assembling the relevant available data on OVC in one place, and acknowledging the gaps that still exist in our knowledge, will assist policy makers and program implementers to make evidence-based decisions about how best to direct funding and program activities and maximize positive outcomes for children and their caretakers.This Research Situation Analysis on OVC presents a program-focused summary of available information on: • Current policies, programs and interventions designed and implemented to assist them • Gaps in these policies, programs and interventions • OVC research conducted between 2004-2008 • Gaps in the Nigerian OVC evidence base. The Brief analyzes the available data for critical gaps in the national response and our understanding about whether current interventions are fulfilling the needs and improving the lives of vulnerable children. The report then recommends actions required to increase the knowledge base for improving the effectiveness and impact of OVC programs.
National OVC costing challenges
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-06-28) Yates, Rachel
Namibia research situation analysis on orphans and other vulnerable children
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2009-08) Biemba, Godfrey; Beukes, Crystal; De Beer, Ingrid; Mollers, Madelief; Lokhorst, Bertine; Simon, Jonathon; Costello, Jill; Beard, Jennifer; Brooks, Bram
Addressing the needs of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) and mitigating negative outcomes of the growing OVC population worldwide is a high priority for national governments and international stakeholders across the globe that recognizes this as an issue with social, economic, and human rights dimensions. Assembling the relevant available data on OVC in one place, and acknowledging the gaps that still exist in our knowledge will assist policy makers and program implementers to make evidence-based decisions about how best to direct funding and program activities and maximize positive outcomes for children and their caretakers. This Research Situation Analysis, Namibia Country Brief presents a program-focused summary of available information on: • The number of orphans and vulnerable children in Namibia. • Current policies, programs and interventions designed and implemented to assist them. • Gaps in these policies, programs and interventions. • OVC research conducted between 2004-2008. • Gaps in the Namibian OVC evidence base.The Brief analyzes the available data for critical gaps in the national response and our understanding about whether current interventions are fulfilling the needs and improving the lives of vulnerable children. The report then recommends actions required to increase the knowledge base for improving the effectiveness and impact of OVC programs.
Kenya research situation analysis on orphans and other vulnerable children
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2009-08) Biemba, Godfrey; Njoka, John; Simon, Jonathon; Costello, Jill; Beard, Jennifer; Brooks, Bram
Addressing the needs of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) and mitigating negative outcomes of the growing OVC population worldwide is a high priority for national governments and international stakeholders that recognize this as an issue with social, economic, and human rights dimensions. Assembling the relevant available data on OVC in one place, and acknowledging the gaps that still exist in our knowledge, will assist policy makers and program implementers to make evidence-based decisions about how best to direct funding and program activities and maximize positive outcomes for children and their caretakers. This Research Situation Analysis, Kenya Country Brief, presents a program-focused summary of available information on: • The number of orphans and vulnerable children in Kenya. • Current policies, programs and interventions designed and implemented to assist them. • Gaps in these policies, programs and interventions. • OVC research conducted between 2004 and 2008. • Gaps in the Kenyan OVC evidence base.The Brief analyzes the available data for critical gaps in the national response and our understanding about whether current interventions are fulfilling the needs and improving the lives of vulnerable children. The report then recommends actions required to increase the knowledge base for improving the effectiveness and impact of OVC programs.
Evaluating the costs of implementing OVC programs
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-06-28) Larson, Bruce
Methods for the quantitative evaluation of program impacts
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-06-28) Larson, Bruce; Hutchinson, Paul
Costs of implementing OVC programs in Zambia
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-06-28) Hamazakaza, Petan
Costing of ovc service delivery in South Africa and Zambia
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-09-30) Larson, Bruce; Hamazakaza, Petan; Costello, Jill; Laurence, Sarah
The objective of the costing component of the FABRIC End of Project Evaluation (EoPE) was to estimate the full cost of inputs (goods and services) used to implement the FABRIC program at the level of FABRIC sub-recipient partner FBOs in Zambia and South Africa for 2009.
Strengthening child care systems through costed services
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-06-28) Gross, Peter
Costs, outcomes, and cost-effectiveness of ovc interventions
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-01) Larson, Bruce
More than 1 out of every 10 children in sub-Saharan Africa and 1 out of 15 in Asia are orphans. A significant proportion of these children in sub-Saharan Africa were orphaned because one or both parents died from AIDS. Large numbers of other children are vulnerable to becoming orphans because one or both parents are HIV-infected. In response to the needs to children who are orphaned or made more vulnerable because of HIV/AIDS, the U.S. government through the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) spent about $1 billion during 2006-2008 on activities to improve the wellbeing of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). Through the Reauthorization Act of 2008 [1], significant sums will continue to be allocated to OVC programs between 2009 and 2013. Given the past and continuing magnitude of the U.S. public’s investment in PEPFAR-funded OVC programs, combined with several years of implementation experience, this report reviews existing literature addressing the costs, the impacts/outcomes, and cost-effectiveness of OVC programs/interventions.
Cost effectiveness and financial sustainability in ovc plansand budget: what more needs to be done
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-06-28) Bonnel, Rene
Costs, outcomes, and cost-effectiveness of ovc interventions
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010) Larson, Bruce
More than 1 out of every 10 children in sub-Saharan Africa and 1 out of 15 in Asia are orphans. A significant proportion of these children in sub-Saharan Africa were orphaned because one or both parents died from AIDS. Large numbers of other children are vulnerable to becoming orphans because one or both parents are HIV-infected. In response to the needs to children who are orphaned or made more vulnerable because of HIV/AIDS, the U.S. government through the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) spent about $1 billion during 2006-2008 on activities to improve the wellbeing of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). Through the Reauthorization Act of 2008 (Lantos and Hyde. United States Global Leadership against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Reauthorization Act of 2008. Public Law 110-293; July 30, 2008), significant sums will continue to be allocated to OVC programs between 2009 and 2013. Given the past and continuing magnitude of the U.S. public’s investment in PEPFAR-funded OVC programs, combined with several years of implementation experience, this report reviews existing literature addressing the costs, the impacts/outcomes, and cost-effectiveness of OVC programs/interventions.
OVC cost model
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-06-28) Meyer-Rath, Gesine; Kumaranayake, Lilani; Tougher, Sarah
Children of female sex workers and injection drug users: a review of vulnerability,resilience, and family-centered models of care in low and middle-income countries
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010) Beard, Jennifer; Biemba, Godfrey; Simon, Jonathon
Female sex workers (FSWs) and injection drug users (IDUs) are often categorized as two of the four populations “most-at-risk” for becoming infected with HIV due to behaviors that heighten their vulnerability to the virus. According to UNAIDS, the term “most-at-risk populations” refers to men who have sex with men, injection drug users, sex workers and their clients. Injecting drugs with non-sterile needles and unsafe sex between male couples and sex workers and clients are believed to drive the HIV epidemics in Western countries, former Soviet republics, and Asia. Interventions for most-at-risk populations tend to focus on the needs of adults with the objective of reducing their risk for HIV through prevention and behavior-change education and risk-reduction strategies. But, to date, little attention has been paid in the published literature to the vulnerabilities faced by their children or to interventions focused on keeping these potentially vulnerable families together, improving the wellbeing of both parents and children, and reducing the risk of both generations for becoming infected with or transmitting HIV.
Children of female sex workers and injection drug users: a review of vulnerability, resilience, and family-centered models of care in low and middle-income countries
(Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, 2010-02) Beard, Jennifer; Biemba, Godfrey; Brooks, Bram; Bresnahan, Megan; Flynn, David; Simon, Jonathon
Background: Injection drug users and female sex workers are often categorized as two of the populations most at risk for becoming infected with HIV in countries with concentrated epidemics. Many of the adults who fall into these categories in low and middle income contexts are also parents, but little is known about the vulnerabilities faced by their children, their sources of resilience, or programs providing services to these often fragile families. Methods: We reviewed the peer-reviewed and gray literature to synthesize current knowledge on the situation of these children and families, and interventions currently in place in low and middle income countries. Organizational websites and references of all relevant sources were manually searched, and key informants from service organizations were contacted by phone and email. Results: A large amount of literature assessing the vulnerability and resilience of children of drug users and alcoholics in developed countries was found. Their children can face unique risks, stigma, and discrimination, but child vulnerability and resilience are associated in the substance abuse literature with the physical and mental health of parents and family context. Research on the situation of the children of sex workers is extremely limited. Interventions have been implemented in low and middle-income contexts but they tend to be small, piecemeal, struggling to meet demand; and undocumented, and most have not been evaluated. We present preliminary descriptive data from an organization working with pregnant and new mothers who are drug users in Ukraine and an organization providing services to sex workers and their families in Zambia. Discussion: Because parents’ drug use, sex work, or same sex relationships are often illegal and hidden, identifying their children can be difficult and may increase their vulnerability and marginalization. Therefore, researchers and service providers must proceed with caution when attempting to reach this population. Promising components of family-centered care include: strengthening family caring capacity through home visitation and peer support, providing early childhood development programs and crèches or drop-in centers for children; economic strengthening and job skills training for parents. Integration of legal assistance with health and other social services is also gaining increased international attention.

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