Efficacy of detoxifying treatment on dental implant surfaces affected by peri-implantitis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Implant therapy has been the gold standard in the past decade when it comes to replacing partially or complete edentulous oral cavities. Patients favor this line of treatment since it does mimic their natural teeth in esthetic, function and phonetics. Unfortunately, some initially integrated implants end up diagnosed with peri-implantitis, which threatens the longevity of those implants in their respective alveolar bone. Several methods have been discussed aiming to either salvage the diseased implant or prolong the life of it in patients’ oral cavities. In this protocol we studied the efficacy of one of the suggested protocols that has been used frequently in periodontal practices aiming to decontaminate the surface of previously diseased implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study looked at the efficacy through two analyses, a descriptive and a quantitative. In the descriptive, several peri-implantitis diagnosed implants were collected and distributed over 4 groups: Test, Negative Control, Positive control and compared to pristine implants. Osteoprogenitor cells were prepared in-vitro and seeded over these implants after applying the protocol on Test group only. The quantitative analysis used the EDX analysis to study the percentages of Titanium and Oxygen on contaminated implants before and after applying the protocol on. Deposits removal was tested as well to ensure efficacy of decontamination protocol. RESULTS: Descriptive analysis showed that osteoprogenitor cells had higher attachment and proliferation on implants that followed the decontamination protocol vs. other groups. Quantitative analysis showed statistically significant higher titanium percentages after decontamination. Oxygen levels were higher as well but not statistically significant. Deposits were statistically significant in removal after decontamination protocol. CONCLUSION: Decontamination of previously diseased implants following the mentioned protocol has efficiently increased the chances of re-establishment of osseointegration in previously contaminated implants.