Identification of a kavain analog with efficient anti-inflammatory effects

Date Issued
2019-09-10Publisher Version
10.1038/s41598-019-49383-8Author(s)
Huck, Olivier
Han, Xiaxian
Mulhall, Hannah
Gumenchuk, Iryna
Cai, Bin
Panek, James
Iyer, Radha
Amar, Salomon
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https://hdl.handle.net/2144/40461Version
Published version
Citation (published version)
Olivier Huck, Xiaxian Han, Hannah Mulhall, Iryna Gumenchuk, Bin Cai, James Panek, Radha Iyer, Salomon Amar. 2019. "Identification of a Kavain Analog with Efficient Anti-inflammatory Effects.." Sci Rep, Volume 9, Issue 1, pp. 12940. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49383-8Abstract
Kavain, a compound derived from Piper methysticum, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. To optimize its drug properties, identification and development of new kavain-derived compounds was undertaken. A focused library of analogs was synthesized and their effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) elicited inflammation were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The library contained cyclohexenones (5,5-dimethyl substituted cyclohexenones) substituted with a benzoate derivative at the 3-position of the cyclohexanone. The most promising analog identifed was a methylated derivative of kavain, Kava-205Me (5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl 4-methylbenzoate.) In an in vitro assay of anti-inflammatory effects, murine macrophages (BMM) and THP-1 cells were infected with P. gingivalis (MOI = 20:1) and a panel of cytokines were measured. Both cell types treated with Kava-205Me (10 to 200 μg/ml) showed significantly and dose-dependently reduced TNF-α secretion induced by P. gingivalis. In BMM, Kava-205Me also reduced secretion of other cytokines involved in the early phase of inflammation, including IL-12, eotaxin, RANTES, IL-10 and interferon-γ (p < 0.05). In vivo, in an acute model of P. gingivalis-induced calvarial destruction, administration of Kava-205Me significantly improved the rate of healing associated with reduced soft tissue inflammation and osteoclast activation. In an infective arthritis murine model induced by injection of collagen-antibody (ArthriomAb) + P. gingivalis, administration of Kava-205Me was able to reduce efficiently paw swelling and joint destruction. These results highlight the strong anti-inflammatory properties of Kava-205Me and strengthen the interest of testing such compounds in the management of P. gingivalis elicited inflammation, especially in the management of periodontitis.
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