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    First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. II. Array and instrumentation

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    "© 2019. The American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. "
    Publisher Version
    10.3847/2041-8213/ab0c96
    Author(s)
    Akiyama, Kazunori
    Alberdi, Antxon
    Alef, Walter
    Asada, Keiichi
    Azulay, Rebecca
    Baczko, Anne-Kathrin
    Ball, David
    Baloković, Mislav
    Barrett, John
    Bintley, Dan
    Blackburn, Lindy
    Boland, Wilfred
    Bouman, Katherine L.
    Bower, Geoffrey C.
    Bremer, Michael
    Brinkerink, Christiaan D.
    Brissenden, Roger
    Britzen, Silke
    Broderick, Avery E.
    Broguiere, Dominique
    Bronzwaer, Thomas
    Byun, Do-Young
    Carlstrom, John E.
    Chael, Andrew
    Chan, Chi-kwan
    Chatterjee, Shami
    Chatterjee, Koushik
    Chen, Ming-Tang
    Chen, Yongjun
    Cho, Ilje
    Christian, Pierre
    Conway, John E.
    Cordes, James M.
    Crew, Geoffrey B.
    Cui, Yuzhu
    Davelaar, Jordy
    De Laurentis, Mariafelicia
    Deane, Roger
    Dempsey, Jessica
    Desvignes, Gregory
    Dexter, Jason
    Doeleman, Sheperd S.
    Eatough, Ralph P.
    Falcke, Heino
    Fish, Vincent L.
    Fomalont, Ed
    Fraga-Encinas, Raquel
    Friberg, Per
    Fromm, Christian M.
    Gómez, José L.
    Galison, Peter
    Gammie, Charles F.
    García, Roberto
    Gentaz, Olivier
    Georgiev, Boris
    Goddi, Ciriaco
    Gold, Roman
    Gu, Minfeng
    Gurwell, Mark
    Hada, Kazuhiro
    Hecht, Michael H.
    Hesper, Ronald
    Ho, Luis C.
    Ho, Paul
    Honma, Mareki
    Huang, Chih-Wei L
    Huang, Lei
    Hughes, David H.
    Ikeda, Shiro
    Inoue, Makoto
    Issaoun, Sara
    James, David J.
    Jannuzi, Buell T.
    Janssen, Michael
    Jeter, Britton
    Jiang, Wu
    Johnson, Michael D.
    Jorstad, Svetlana
    Jung, Taehyun
    Karami, Mansour
    Karuppusamy, Ramesh
    Kawashima, Tomohisa
    Keating, Garrett K.
    Kettenis, Mark
    Kim, Jae-Young
    Kim, Junhan
    Kim, Jongsoo
    Kino, Motoki
    Koay, Jun Yi
    Koch, Patrick M.
    Koyama, Shoko
    Kramer, Michael
    Kramer, Carsten
    Krichbaum, Thomas P.
    Kuo, Cheng-Yu
    Lauer, Tod R.
    Lee, Sang-Sung
    Li, Yan-Rong
    Li, Zhiyuan
    Lindqvist, Michael
    Liu, Kuo
    Liuzzo, Elisabetta
    Lo, Wen-Ping
    Lobanov, Andrei P.
    Loinard, Laurent
    Lonsdale, Colin
    Lu, Ru-Sen
    MacDonald, Nicholas R.
    Mao, Jirong
    Markoff, Sera
    Marrone, Daniel P.
    Marscher, Alan P.
    Martí-Vidal, Iván
    Matsushita, Satoki
    Matthews, Lynn D.
    Medeiros, Lia
    Menten, Karl M.
    Mizuno, Yosuke
    Mizuno, Izumi
    Moran, James M.
    Moriyama, Kotaro
    Moscibrodzka, Monika
    Müller, Cornelia
    Nagai, Hiroshi
    Nagar, Neil M.
    Nakamura, Masanori
    Narayan, Ramesh
    Narayanan, Gopal
    Natarajan, Iniyan
    Neri, Roberto
    Ni, Chunchong
    Noutsos, Aristeidis
    Okino, Hiroki
    Olivares, Héctor
    Ortiz-León, Gisela N.
    Oyama, Tomoaki
    Özel, Feryal
    Palumbo, Daniel C. M.
    Patel, Nimesh
    Pen, Ue-Li
    Pesce, Dominic W.
    Piétu, Vincent
    Plambeck, Richard
    PopStefanija, Aleksandar
    Porth, Oliver
    Prather, Ben
    Preciado-López, Jorge A.
    Psaltis, Dimitrios
    Pu, Hung-Yi
    Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh
    Rao, Ramprasad
    Rawlings, Mark G.
    Raymond, Alexander W.
    Rezzolla, Luciano
    Ripperda, Bart
    Roelofs, Freek
    Rogers, Alan
    Ros, Eduardo
    Rose, Mel
    Roshanineshat, Arash
    Rottmann, Helge
    Roy, Alan L.
    Ruszczyk, Chet
    Ryan, Benjamin R.
    Rygl, Kazi L. J.
    Sánchez, Salvador
    Sánchez-Arguelles, David
    Sasada, Mahito
    Savolainen, Tuomas
    Schloerb, F. Peter
    Schuster, Karl-Friedrich
    Shao, Lijing
    Shen, Zhiqiang
    Small, Des
    Sohn, Bong Won
    SooHoo, Jason
    Tazaki, Fumie
    Tiede, Paul
    Tilanus, Remo P. J.
    Titus, Michael
    Toma, Kenji
    Torne, Pablo
    Trent, Tyler
    Trippe, Sascha
    Tsuda, Shuichiro
    van Bemmel, Ilse
    van Langevelde, Huib Jan
    van Rossum, Daniel R.
    Wagner, Jan
    Wardle, John
    Weintroub, Jonathan
    Wex, Norbert
    Wharton, Robert
    Wielgus, Maciek
    Wong, George N.
    Wu, Qingwen
    Young, André
    Young, Ken
    Younsi, Ziri
    Yuan, Feng
    Yuan, Ye-Fei
    Zensus, J. Anton
    Zhao, Guangyao
    Zhao, Shan-Shan
    Zhu, Ziyan
    Algaba, Juan-Carlos
    Allardi, Alexander
    Amestica, Rodrigo
    Bach, Uwe
    Beaudoin, Christopher
    Benson, Bradford A.
    Berthold, Ryan
    Blanchard, Jay M.
    Blundell, Ray
    Bustamente, Sandra
    Cappallo, Roger
    Castillo-Domínguez, Edgar
    Chang, Chih-Cheng
    Chang, Shu-Hao
    Chang, Song-Chu
    Chen, Chung-Chen
    Chilson, Ryan
    Chuter, Tim C.
    Rosado, Rodrigo Córdova
    Coulson, Iain M.
    Crawford, Thomas M.
    Crowley, Joseph
    David, John
    Derome, Mark
    Dexter, Matthew
    Dornbusch, Sven
    Dudevoir, Kevin A.
    Dzib, Sergio A.
    Eckert, Chris
    Erickson, Neal R.
    Everett, Wendeline B.
    Faber, Aaron
    Farah, Joseph R.
    Fath, Vernon
    Folkers, Thomas W.
    Forbes, David C.
    Freund, Robert
    Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I.
    Gale, David M.
    Gao, Feng
    Geertsema, Gertie
    Graham, David A.
    Greer, Christopher H.
    Grosslein, Ronald
    Gueth, Frédéric
    Halverson, Nils W.
    Han, Chih-Chiang
    Han, Kuo-Chang
    Hao, Jinchi
    Hasegawa, Yutaka
    Henning, Jason W.
    Hernández-Gómez, Antonio
    Herrero-Illana, Rubén
    Heyminck, Stefan
    Hirota, Akihiko
    Hoge, James
    Huang, Yau-De
    Impellizzeri, CM Violette
    Jiang, Homin
    Kamble, Atish
    Keisler, Ryan
    Kimura, Kimihiro
    Kono, Yusuke
    Kubo, Derek
    Kuroda, John
    Lacasse, Richard
    Laing, Robert A.
    Leitch, Erik M.
    Li, Chao-Te
    Lin, Lupin C.-C.
    Liu, Ching-Tang
    Liu, Kuan-Yu
    Lu, Li-Ming
    Marson, Ralph G.
    Martin-Cocher, Pierre L.
    Massingill, Kyle D.
    Matulonis, Callie
    McColl, Martin P.
    McWhirter, Stephen R.
    Messias, Hugo
    Meyer-Zhao, Zheng
    Michalik, Daniel
    Montaña, Alfredo
    Montgomerie, William
    Mora-Klein, Matias
    Muders, Dirk
    Nadolski, Andrew
    Navarro, Santiago
    Nguyen, Chi H.
    Nishioka, Hiroaki
    Norton, Timothy
    Nystrom, George
    Ogawa, Hideo
    Oshiro, Peter
    Oyama, Tomoaki
    Padin, Stephen
    Parsons, Harriet
    Paine, Scott N.
    Peñalver, Juan
    Phillips, Neil M.
    Poirier, Michael
    Pradel, Nicolas
    Primiani, Rurik A.
    Raffin, Philippe A.
    Rahlin, Alexandra S.
    Reiland, George
    Risacher, Christopher
    Ruiz, Ignacio
    Sáez-Madaín, Alejandro F.
    Sassella, Remi
    Schellart, Pim
    Shaw, Paul
    Silva, Kevin M.
    Shiokawa, Hotaka
    Smith, David R.
    Snow, William
    Souccar, Kamal
    Sousa, Don
    Sridharan, T. K.
    Srinivasan, Ranjani
    Stahm, William
    Stark, Antony A.
    Story, Kyle
    Timmer, Sjoerd T.
    Vertatschitsch, Laura
    Walther, Craig
    Wei, Ta-Shun
    Whitehorn, Nathan
    Whitney, Alan R.
    Woody, David P.
    Wouterloot, Jan G. A.
    Wright, Melvin
    Yamaguchi, Paul
    Yu, Chen-Yu
    Zeballos, Milagros
    Ziurys, Lucy
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    https://hdl.handle.net/2144/40692
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    Published version
    Citation (published version)
    Kazunori Akiyama, Antxon Alberdi, Walter Alef, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Baloković, John Barrett, Dan Bintley, Lindy Blackburn, Wilfred Boland, Katherine L Bouman, Geoffrey C Bower, Michael Bremer, Christiaan D Brinkerink, Roger Brissenden, Silke Britzen, Avery E Broderick, Dominique Broguiere, Thomas Bronzwaer, Do-Young Byun, John E Carlstrom, Andrew Chael, Chi-kwan Chan, Shami Chatterjee, Koushik Chatterjee, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chen, Ilje Cho, Pierre Christian, John E Conway, James M Cordes, Geoffrey B Crew, Yuzhu Cui, Jordy Davelaar, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Roger Deane, Jessica Dempsey, Gregory Desvignes, Jason Dexter, Sheperd S Doeleman, Ralph P Eatough, Heino Falcke, Vincent L Fish, Ed Fomalont, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, Per Friberg, Christian M Fromm, José L Gómez, Peter Galison, Charles F Gammie, Roberto García, Olivier Gentaz, Boris Georgiev, Ciriaco Goddi, Roman Gold, Minfeng Gu, Mark Gurwell, Kazuhiro Hada, Michael H Hecht, Ronald Hesper, Luis C Ho, Paul Ho, Mareki Honma, Chih-Wei L Huang, Lei Huang, David H Hughes, Shiro Ikeda, Makoto Inoue, Sara Issaoun, David J James, Buell T Jannuzi, Michael Janssen, Britton Jeter, Wu Jiang, Michael D Johnson, Svetlana Jorstad, Taehyun Jung, Mansour Karami, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Tomohisa Kawashima, Garrett K Keating, Mark Kettenis, Jae-Young Kim, Junhan Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Motoki Kino, Jun Yi Koay, Patrick M Koch, Shoko Koyama, Michael Kramer, Carsten Kramer, Thomas P Krichbaum, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Tod R Lauer, Sang-Sung Lee, Yan-Rong Li, Zhiyuan Li, Michael Lindqvist, Kuo Liu, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Wen-Ping Lo, Andrei P Lobanov, Laurent Loinard, Colin Lonsdale, Ru-Sen Lu, Nicholas R MacDonald, Jirong Mao, Sera Markoff, Daniel P Marrone, Alan P Marscher, Iván Martí-Vidal, Satoki Matsushita, Lynn D Matthews, Lia Medeiros, Karl M Menten, Yosuke Mizuno, Izumi Mizuno, James M Moran, Kotaro Moriyama, Monika Moscibrodzka, Cornelia Müller, Hiroshi Nagai, Neil M Nagar, Masanori Nakamura, Ramesh Narayan, Gopal Narayanan, Iniyan Natarajan, Roberto Neri, Chunchong Ni, Aristeidis Noutsos, Hiroki Okino, Héctor Olivares, Gisela N Ortiz-León, Tomoaki Oyama, Feryal Özel, Daniel CM Palumbo, Nimesh Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Dominic W Pesce, Vincent Piétu, Richard Plambeck, Aleksandar PopStefanija, Oliver Porth, Ben Prather, Jorge A Preciado-López, Dimitrios Psaltis, Hung-Yi Pu, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan, Ramprasad Rao, Mark G Rawlings, Alexander W Raymond, Luciano Rezzolla, Bart Ripperda, Freek Roelofs, Alan Rogers, Eduardo Ros, Mel Rose, Arash Roshanineshat, Helge Rottmann, Alan L Roy, Chet Ruszczyk, Benjamin R Ryan, Kazi LJ Rygl, Salvador Sánchez, David Sánchez-Arguelles, Mahito Sasada, Tuomas Savolainen, F Peter Schloerb, Karl-Friedrich Schuster, Lijing Shao, Zhiqiang Shen, Des Small, Bong Won Sohn, Jason SooHoo, Fumie Tazaki, Paul Tiede, Remo PJ Tilanus, Michael Titus, Kenji Toma, Pablo Torne, Tyler Trent, Sascha Trippe, Shuichiro Tsuda, Ilse van Bemmel, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Daniel R van Rossum, Jan Wagner, John Wardle, Jonathan Weintroub, Norbert Wex, Robert Wharton, Maciek Wielgus, George N Wong, Qingwen Wu, André Young, Ken Young, Ziri Younsi, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Yuan, J Anton Zensus, Guangyao Zhao, Shan-Shan Zhao, Ziyan Zhu, Juan-Carlos Algaba, Alexander Allardi, Rodrigo Amestica, Uwe Bach, Christopher Beaudoin, Bradford A Benson, Ryan Berthold, Jay M Blanchard, Ray Blundell, Sandra Bustamente, Roger Cappallo, Edgar Castillo-Domínguez, Chih-Cheng Chang, Shu-Hao Chang, Song-Chu Chang, Chung-Chen Chen, Ryan Chilson, Tim C Chuter, Rodrigo Córdova Rosado, Iain M Coulson, Thomas M Crawford, Joseph Crowley, John David, Mark Derome, Matthew Dexter, Sven Dornbusch, Kevin A Dudevoir, Sergio A Dzib, Chris Eckert, Neal R Erickson, Wendeline B Everett, Aaron Faber, Joseph R Farah, Vernon Fath, Thomas W Folkers, David C Forbes, Robert Freund, Arturo I Gómez-Ruiz, David M Gale, Feng Gao, Gertie Geertsema, David A Graham, Christopher H Greer, Ronald Grosslein, Frédéric Gueth, Nils W Halverson, Chih-Chiang Han, Kuo-Chang Han, Jinchi Hao, Yutaka Hasegawa, Jason W Henning, Antonio Hernández-Gómez, Rubén Herrero-Illana, Stefan Heyminck, Akihiko Hirota, James Hoge, Yau-De Huang, CM Violette Impellizzeri, Homin Jiang, Atish Kamble, Ryan Keisler, Kimihiro Kimura, Yusuke Kono, Derek Kubo, John Kuroda, Richard Lacasse, Robert A Laing, Erik M Leitch, Chao-Te Li, Lupin C-C Lin, Ching-Tang Liu, Kuan-Yu Liu, Li-Ming Lu, Ralph G Marson, Pierre L Martin-Cocher, Kyle D Massingill, Callie Matulonis, Martin P McColl, Stephen R McWhirter, Hugo Messias, Zheng Meyer-Zhao, Daniel Michalik, Alfredo Montaña, William Montgomerie, Matias Mora-Klein, Dirk Muders, Andrew Nadolski, Santiago Navarro, Chi H Nguyen, Hiroaki Nishioka, Timothy Norton, George Nystrom, Hideo Ogawa, Peter Oshiro, Tomoaki Oyama, Stephen Padin, Harriet Parsons, Scott N Paine, Juan Peñalver, Neil M Phillips, Michael Poirier, Nicolas Pradel, Rurik A Primiani, Philippe A Raffin, Alexandra S Rahlin, George Reiland, Christopher Risacher, Ignacio Ruiz, Alejandro F Sáez-Madaín, Remi Sassella, Pim Schellart, Paul Shaw, Kevin M Silva, Hotaka Shiokawa, David R Smith, William Snow, Kamal Souccar, Don Sousa, T.K. Sridharan, Ranjani Srinivasan, William Stahm, Antony A Stark, Kyle Story, Sjoerd T Timmer, Laura Vertatschitsch, Craig Walther, Ta-Shun Wei, Nathan Whitehorn, Alan R Whitney, David P Woody, Jan GA Wouterloot, Melvin Wright, Paul Yamaguchi, Chen-Yu Yu, Milagros Zeballos, Lucy Ziurys. "First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation." The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 875, Issue 1, pp. L2 - L2. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0c96
    Abstract
    The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array that comprises millimeter- and submillimeter-wavelength telescopes separated by distances comparable to the diameter of the Earth. At a nominal operating wavelength of ~1.3 mm, EHT angular resolution (λ/D) is ~25 μas, which is sufficient to resolve nearby supermassive black hole candidates on spatial and temporal scales that correspond to their event horizons. With this capability, the EHT scientific goals are to probe general relativistic effects in the strong-field regime and to study accretion and relativistic jet formation near the black hole boundary. In this Letter we describe the system design of the EHT, detail the technology and instrumentation that enable observations, and provide measures of its performance. Meeting the EHT science objectives has required several key developments that have facilitated the robust extension of the VLBI technique to EHT observing wavelengths and the production of instrumentation that can be deployed on a heterogeneous array of existing telescopes and facilities. To meet sensitivity requirements, high-bandwidth digital systems were developed that process data at rates of 64 gigabit s−1, exceeding those of currently operating cm-wavelength VLBI arrays by more than an order of magnitude. Associated improvements include the development of phasing systems at array facilities, new receiver installation at several sites, and the deployment of hydrogen maser frequency standards to ensure coherent data capture across the array. These efforts led to the coordination and execution of the first Global EHT observations in 2017 April, and to event-horizon-scale imaging of the supermassive black hole candidate in M87.
    Rights
    "© 2019. The American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. "
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      First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. I. The shadow of the supermassive black hole 

      Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; Asada, Keiichi; Azulay, Rebecca; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin; Ball, David; Baloković, Mislav; Barrett, John; Bintley, Dan; Blackburn, Lindy; Boland, Wilfred; Bouman, Katherine L.; Bower, Geoffrey C.; Bremer, Michael; Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Brissenden, Roger; Britzen, Silke; Broderick, Avery E.; Broguiere, Dominique; Bronzwaer, Thomas; Byun, Do-Young; Carlstrom, John E.; Chael, Andrew; Chan, Chi-kwan; Chatterjee, Shami; Chatterjee, Koushik; Chen, Ming-Tang; Chen, Yongjun; Cho, Ilje; Christian, Pierre; Conway, John E.; Cordes, James M.; Crew, Geoffrey B.; Cui, Yuzhu; Davelaar, Jordy; Laurentis, Mariafelicia De; Deane, Roger; Dempsey, Jessica; Desvignes, Gregory; Dexter, Jason; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Eatough, Ralph P.; Falcke, Heino; Fish, Vincent L.; Fomalont, Ed; Fraga-Encinas, Raquel; Freeman, William T.; Friberg, Per; Fromm, Christian M.; Gómez, José L.; Galison, Peter; Gammie, Charles F.; García, Roberto; Gentaz, Olivier; Georgiev, Boris; Goddi, Ciriaco; Gold, Roman; Gu, Minfeng; Gurwell, Mark; Hada, Kazuhiro; Hecht, Michael H.; Hesper, Ronald; Ho, Luis C.; Ho, Paul; Honma, Mareki; Huang, Chih-Wei L.; Huang, Lei; Hughes, David H.; Ikeda, Shiro; Inoue, Makoto; Issaoun, Sara; James, David J.; Jannuzi, Buell T.; Janssen, Michael; Jeter, Britton; Jiang, Wu; Johnson, Michael D.; Jorstad, Svetlana; Jung, Taehyun; Karami, Mansour; Karuppusamy, Ramesh; Kawashima, Tomohisa; Keating, Garrett K.; Kettenis, Mark; Kim, Jae-Young; Kim, Junhan; Kim, Jongsoo; Kino, Motoki; Koay, Jun Yi; Koch, Patrick M.; Koyama, Shoko; Kramer, Michael; Kramer, Carsten; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Kuo, Cheng-Yu; Lauer, Tod R.; Lee, Sang-Sung; Li, Yan-Rong; Li, Zhiyuan; Lindqvist, Michael; Liu, Kuo; Liuzzo, Elisabetta; Lo, Wen-Ping; Lobanov, Andrei P.; Loinard, Laurent; Lonsdale, Colin; Lu, Ru-Sen; MacDonald, Nicholas R.; Mao, Jirong; Markoff, Sera; Marrone, Daniel P.; Marscher, Alan P.; Martí-Vidal, Iván; Matsushita, Satoki; Matthews, Lynn D.; Medeiros, Lia; Menten, Karl M.; Mizuno, Yosuke; Mizuno, Izumi; Moran, James M.; Moriyama, Kotaro; Moscibrodzka, Monika; Müller, Cornelia; Nagai, Hiroshi; Nagar, Neil M.; Nakamura, Masanori; Narayan, Ramesh; Narayanan, Gopal; Natarajan, Iniyan; Neri, Roberto; Ni, Chunchong; Noutsos, Aristeidis; Okino, Hiroki; Olivares, Héctor; Ortiz-León, Gisela N.; Oyama, Tomoaki; Özel, Feryal; Palumbo, Daniel C. M.; Patel, Nimesh; Pen, Ue-Li; Pesce, Dominic W.; Piétu, Vincent; Plambeck, Richard; PopStefanija, Aleksandar; Porth, Oliver; Prather, Ben; Preciado-López, Jorge A.; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Pu, Hung-Yi; Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh; Rao, Ramprasad; Rawlings, Mark G.; Raymond, Alexander W.; Rezzolla, Luciano; Ripperda, Bart; Roelofs, Freek; Rogers, Alan; Ros, Eduardo; Rose, Mel; Roshanineshat, Arash; Rottmann, Helge; Roy, Alan L.; Ruszczyk, Chet; Ryan, Benjamin R.; Rygl, Kazi L. J.; Sánchez, Salvador; Sánchez-Arguelles, David; Sasada, Mahito; Savolainen, Tuomas; Schloerb, F. Peter; Schuster, Karl-Friedrich; Shao, Lijing; Shen, Zhiqiang; Small, Des; Sohn, Bong Won; SooHoo, Jason; Tazaki, Fumie; Tiede, Paul; Tilanus, Remo P. J.; Titus, Michael; Toma, Kenji; Torne, Pablo; Trent, Tyler; Trippe, Sascha; Tsuda, Shuichiro; Bemmel, Ilse van; van Langevelde, Huib Jan; van Rossum, Daniel R.; Wagner, Jan; Wardle, John; Weintroub, Jonathan; Wex, Norbert; Wharton, Robert; Wielgus, Maciek; Wong, George N.; Wu, Qingwen; Young, Ken; Young, André; Younsi, Ziri; Yuan, Feng; Yuan, Ye-Fei; Zensus, J. Anton; Zhao, Guangyao; Zhao, Shan-Shan; Zhu, Ziyan; Algaba, Juan-Carlos; Allardi, Alexander; Amestica, Rodrigo; Anczarski, Jadyn; Bach, Uwe; Baganoff, Frederick K.; Beaudoin, Christopher; Benson, Bradford A.; Berthold, Ryan; Blanchard, Jay M.; Blundell, Ray; Bustamente, Sandra; Cappallo, Roger; Castillo-Domínguez, Edgar; Chang, Chih-Cheng; Chang, Shu-Hao; Chang, Song-Chu; Chen, Chung-Chen; Chilson, Ryan; Chuter, Tim C.; Rosado, Rodrigo Córdova; Coulson, Iain M; Crawford, Thomas M.; Crowley, Joseph; David, John; Derome, Mark; Dexter, Matthew; Dornbusch, Sven; Dudevoir, Kevin A.; Dzib, Sergio A.; Eckart, Andreas; Eckert, Chris; Erickson, Neal R.; Everett, Wendeline B.; Faber, Aaron; Farah, Joseph R.; Fath, Vernon; Folkers, Thomas W.; Forbes, David C.; Freund, Robert; Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I.; Gale, David M.; Gao, Feng; Geertsema, Gertie; Graham, David A.; Greer, Christopher H.; Grosslein, Ronald; Gueth, Frédéric; Haggard, Daryl; Halverson, Nils W.; Han, Chih-Chiang; Han, Kuo-Chang; Hao, Jinchi; Hasegawa, Yutaka; Henning, Jason W.; Hernández-Gómez, Antonio; Herrero-Illana, Rubén; Heyminck, Stefan; Hirota, Akihiko; Hoge, James; Huang, Yau-De; Impellizzeri, CM Violette; Jiang, Homin; Kamble, Atish; Keisler, Ryan; Kimura, Kimihiro; Kono, Yusuke; Kubo, Derek; Kuroda, John; Lacasse, Richard; Laing, Robert A.; Leitch, Erik M.; Li, Chao-Te; Lin, Lupin C.-C.; Liu, Ching-Tang; Liu, Kuan-Yu; Lu, Li-Ming; Marson, Ralph G.; Martin-Cocher, Pierre L.; Massingill, Kyle D.; Matulonis, Callie; McColl, Martin P.; McWhirter, Stephen R.; Messias, Hugo; Meyer-Zhao, Zheng; Michalik, Daniel; Montaña, Alfredo; Montgomerie, William; Mora-Klein, Matias; Muders, Dirk; Nadolski, Andrew; Navarro, Santiago; Neilsen, Joseph; Nguyen, Chi H.; Nishioka, Hiroaki; Norton, Timothy; Nowak, Michael A.; Nystrom, George; Ogawa, Hideo; Oshiro, Peter; Oyama, Tomoaki; Parsons, Harriet; Paine, Scott N.; Peñalver, Juan; Phillips, Neil M.; Poirier, Michael; Pradel, Nicolas; Primiani, Rurik A.; Raffin, Philippe A.; Rahlin, Alexandra S.; Reiland, George; Risacher, Christopher; Ruiz, Ignacio; Sáez-Madaín, Alejandro F.; Sassella, Remi; Schellart, Pim; Shaw, Paul; Silva, Kevin M.; Shiokawa, Hotaka; Smith, David R.; Snow, William; Souccar, Kamal; Sousa, Don; Sridharan, T. K.; Srinivasan, Ranjani; Stahm, William; Stark, Anthony A.; Story, Kyle; Timmer, Sjoerd T.; Vertatschitsch, Laura; Walther, Craig; Wei, Ta-Shun; Whitehorn, Nathan; Whitney, Alan R.; Woody, David P.; Wouterloot, Jan GA; Wright, Melvin; Yamaguchi, Paul; Yu, Chen-Yu; Zeballos, Milagros; Zhang, Shuo; Ziurys, Lucy
      When surrounded by a transparent emission region, black holes are expected to reveal a dark shadow caused by gravitational light bending and photon capture at the event horizon. To image and study this phenomenon, we have ...
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      Event Horizon Telescope imaging of the archetypal blazar 3C 279 at an extreme 20 microarcsecond resolution 

      Kim, Jae-Young; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Broderick, Avery E.; Wielgus, Maciek; Blackburn, Lindy; Gómez, José L.; Johnson, Michael D.; Bouman, Katherine L.; Chael, Andrew; Akiyama, Kazunori; Jorstad, Svetlana; Marscher, Alan P.; Issaoun, Sara; Janssen, Michael; Chan, Chi-kwan; Savolainen, Tuomas; Pesce, Dominic W.; Özel, Feryal; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; Asada, Keiichi; Azulay, Rebecca; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin; Ball, David; Baloković, Mislav; Barrett, John; Bintley, Dan; Boland, Wilfred; Bower, Geoffrey C.; Bremer, Michael; Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Brissenden, Roger; Britzen, Silke; Broguiere, Dominique; Bronzwaer, Thomas; Byun, Do-Young; Carlstrom, John E.; Chatterjee, Shami; Chatterjee, Koushik; Chen, Ming-Tang; Chen, Yongjun; Cho, Ilje; Christian, Pierre; Conway, John E.; Cordes, James M.; Crew, Geoffrey B.; Cui, Yuzhu; Davelaar, Jordy; De Laurentis, Mariafelicia; Deane, Roger; Dempsey, Jessica; Desvignes, Gregory; Dexter, Jason; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Eatough, Ralph P.; Falcke, Heino; Fish, Vincent L.; Fomalont, Ed; Fraga-Encinas, Raquel; Friberg, Per; Fromm, Christian M.; Galison, Peter; Gammie, Charles F.; García, Roberto; Gentaz, Olivier; Georgiev, Boris; Goddi, Ciriaco; Gold, Roman; Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I.; Gu, Minfeng; Gurwell, Mark; Hada, Kazuhiro; Hecht, Michael H.; Hesper, Ronald; Ho, Luis C.; Ho, Paul; Honma, Mareki; Huang, Chih-Wei L.; Huang, Lei; Hughes, David H..; Ikeda, Shiro; Inoue, Makoto; James, David J.; Jannuzi, Buell T.; Jeter, Britton; Jiang, Wu; Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra; Jung, Taehyun; Karami, Mansour; Karuppusamy, Ramesh; Kawashima, Tomohisa; Keating, Garrett K.; Kettenis, Mark; Kim, Junhan; Kim, Jongsoo; Kino, Motoki; Koay, Jun Yi; Koch, Patrick M.; Koyama, Shoko; Kramer, Michael; Kramer, Carsten; Kuo, Cheng-Yu; Lauer, Tod R.; Lee, Sang-Sung; Li, Yan-Rong; Li, Zhiyuan; Lindqvist, Michael; Lico, Rocco; Liu, Kuo; Liuzzo, Elisabetta; Lo, Wen-Ping; Lobanov, Andrei P.; Loinard, Laurent; Lonsdale, Colin; Lu, Ru-Sen; MacDonald, Nicholas R.; Mao, Jirong; Markoff, Sera; Marrone, Daniel P.; Martí-Vidal, Iván; Matsushita, Satoki; Matthews, Lynn D.; Medeiros, Lia; Menten, Karl M; Mizuno, Yosuke; Mizuno, Izumi; Moran, James M.; Moriyama, Kotaro; Moscibrodzka, Monika; Musoke, Gibwa; Müller, Cornelia; Nagai, Hiroshi; Nagar, Neil M.; Nakamura, Masanori; Narayan, Ramesh; Narayanan, Gopal; Natarajan, Iniyan; Neri, Roberto; Ni, Chunchong; Noutsos, Aristeidis; Okino, Hiroki; Olivares, Héctor; Ortiz-León, Gisela N.; Oyama, Tomoaki; Palumbo, Daniel C.M.; Park, Jongho; Patel, Nimesh; Pen, Ue-Li; Piétu, Vincent; Plambeck, Richard; PopStefanija, Aleksandar; Porth, Oliver; Prather, Ben; Preciado-López, Jorge A.; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Pu, Hung-Yi; Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh; Rao, Ramprasad; Rawlings, Mark G.; Raymond, Alexander W.; Rezzolla, Luciano; Ripperda, Bart; Roelofs, Freek; Rogers, Alan; Ros, Eduardo; Rose, Mel; Roshanineshat, Arash; Rottmann, Helge; Roy, Alan L.; Ruszczyk, Chet; Ryan, Benjamin R.; Rygl, Kazi L.J.; Sánchez, Salvador; Sánchez-Arguelles, David; Sasada, Mahito; Schloerb, F. Peter; Schuster, Karl-Friedrich; Shao, Lijing; Shen, Zhiqiang; Small, Des; Sohn, Bong Won; SooHoo, Jason; Tazaki, Fumie; Tiede, Paul; Tilanus, Remo P.J.; Titus, Michael; Toma, Kenji; Torne, Pablo; Trent, Tyler; Traianou, Efthalia; Trippe, Sascha; Tsuda, Shuichiro; van Bemmel, Ilse; van Langevelde, Huib Jan; van Rossum, Daniel R.; Wagner, Jan; Wardle, John; Ward-Thompson, Derek; Weintroub, Jonathan; Wex, Norbert; Wharton, Robert; Wong, George N.; Wu, Qingwen; Yoon, Doosoo; Young, André; Young, Ken; Younsi, Ziri; Yuan, Feng; Yuan, Ye-Fei; Zensus, J. Anton; Zhao, Guangyao; Zhao, Shan-Shan; Zhu, Ziyan; Algaba, Juan-Carlos; Allardi, Alexander; Amestica, Rodrigo; Anczarski, Jadyn; Bach, Uwe; Baganoff, Frederick K.; Beaudoin, Christopher; Benson, Bradford A.; Berthold, Ryan; Blanchard, Jay M.; Blundell, Ray; Bustamente, Sandra; Cappallo, Roger; Castillo-Domínguez, Edgar; Chang, Chih-Cheng; Chang, Shu-Hao; Chang, Song-Chu; Chen, Chung-Chen; Chilson, Ryan; Chuter, Tim C.; Rosado, Rodrigo Córdova; Coulson, Iain M.; Crowley, Joseph; Derome, Mark; Dexter, Matthew; Dornbusch, Sven; Dudevoir, Kevin A.; Dzib, Sergio A.; Eckart, Andreas; Eckert, Chris; Erickson, Neal R.; Everett, Wendeline B.; Faber, Aaron; Farah, Joseph R.; Fath, Vernon; Folkers, Thomas W.; Forbes, David C.; Freund, Robert; Gale, David M.; Gao, Feng; Geertsema, Gertie; Graham, David A.; Greer, Christopher H.; Grosslein, Ronald; Gueth, Frédéric; Haggard, Daryl; Halverson, Nils W.; Han, Chih-Chiang; Han, Kuo-Chang; Hao, Jinchi; Hasegawa, Yutaka; Henning, Jason W.; Hernández-Gómez, Antonio; Herrero-Illana, Rubén; Heyminck, Stefan; Hirota, Akihiko; Hoge, James; Huang, Yau-De; Violette Impellizzeri, C.M.; Jiang, Homin; John, David; Kamble, Atish; Keisler, Ryan; Kimura, Kimihiro; Kono, Yusuke; Kubo, Derek; Kuroda, John; Lacasse, Richard; Laing, Robert A.; Leitch, Erik M.; Li, Chao-Te; Lin, Lupin C.-C.; Liu, Ching-Tang; Liu, Kuan-Yu; Lu, Li-Ming; Marson, Ralph G.; Martin-Cocher, Pierre L.; Massingill, Kyle D.; Matulonis, Callie; McColl, Martin P.; McWhirter, Stephen R.; Messias, Hugo; Meyer-Zhao, Zheng; Michalik, Daniel; Montaña, Alfredo; Montgomerie, William; Mora-Klein, Matias; Muders, Dirk; Nadolski, Andrew; Navarro, Santiago; Neilsen, Joseph; Nguyen, Chi H.; Nishioka, Hiroaki; Norton, Timothy; Nowak, Michael A.; Nystrom, George; Ogawa, Hideo; Oshiro, Peter; Oyama, Tomoaki; Parsons, Harriet; Peñalver, Juan; Phillips, Neil M.; Poirier, Michael; Pradel, Nicolas; Primiani, Rurik A.; Raffin, Philippe A.; Rahlin, Alexandra S.; Reiland, George; Risacher, Christopher; Ruiz, Ignacio; Sáez-Madaín, Alejandro F.; Sassella, Remi; Schellart, Pim; Shaw, Paul; Silva, Kevin M.; Shiokawa, Hotaka; Smith, David R.; Snow, William; Souccar, Kamal; Sousa, Don; Sridharan, Tirupati K.; Srinivasan, Ranjani; Stahm, William; Stark, Antony A.; Story, Kyle; Timmer, Sjoerd T.; Vertatschitsch, Laura; Walther, Craig; Wei, Ta-Shun; Whitehorn, Nathan; Whitney, Alan R.; Woody, David P.; Wouterloot, Jan G.A.; Wright, Melvin; Yamaguchi, Paul; Yu, Chen-Yu; Zeballos, Milagros; Zhang, Shuo; Ziurys, Lucy (EDP Sciences, 2020-08)
      3C 279 is an archetypal blazar with a prominent radio jet that show broadband flux density variability across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. We use an ultra-high angular resolution technique – global Very Long Baseline ...
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      The long-baseline neutrino experiment: exploring fundamental symmetries of the universe 

      Collaboration, LBNE; Adams, Corey; Adams, David; Akiri, Tarek; Alion, Tyler; Anderson, Kris; Andreopoulos, Costas; Andrews, Mike; Anghel, Ioana; Anjos, João Carlos Costa dos; Antonello, Maddalena; Arrieta-Diaz, Enrique; Artuso, Marina; Asaadi, Jonathan; Bai, Xinhua; Baibussinov, Bagdat; Baird, Michael; Balantekin, Baha; Baller, Bruce; Baptista, Brian; Barker, D'Ann; Barker, Gary; Barletta, William A.; Barr, Giles; Bartoszek, Larry; Bashyal, Amit; Bass, Matt; Bellini, Vincenzo; Benetti, Pietro Angelo; Berger, Bruce E.; Bergevin, Marc; Berman, Eileen; Berns, Hans-Gerd; Bernstein, Adam; Bernstein, Robert; Bhandari, Babu; Bhatnagar, Vipin; Bhuyan, Bipul; Bian, Jianming; Bishai, Mary; Blake, Andrew; Blaszczyk, Flor; Blaufuss, Erik; Bleakley, Bruce; Blucher, Edward; Blusk, Steve; Bocean, Virgil; Boffelli, F.; Boissevain, Jan; Bolton, Timothy; Bonesini, Maurizio; Boyd, Steve; Brandt, Andrew; Breedon, Richard; Bromberg, Carl; Brown, Ralph; Brunetti, Giullia; Buchanan, Norman; Bugg, Bill; Busenitz, Jerome; Calligarich, E.; Camilleri, Leslie; Carminati, Giada; Carr, Rachel; Castromonte, Cesar; Cavanna, Flavio; Centro, Sandro; Chen, Alex; Chen, Hucheng; Chen, Kai; Cherdack, Daniel; Chi, Cheng-Yi; Childress, Sam; Choudhary, Brajesh Chandra; Christodoulou, Georgios; Christofferson, Cabot-Ann; Church, Eric; Cline, David; Coan, Thomas; Cocco, Alfredo; Coelho, Joao; Coleman, Stephen; Conrad, Janet M; Convery, Mark; Corey, Robert; Corwin, Luke; Cranshaw, Jack; Cronin-Hennessy, Daniel; Curioni, A.; Motta, Helio da; Davenne, Tristan; Davies, Gavin S.; Dazeley, Steven; De, Kaushik; Gouvea, Andre de; Jong, Jeffrey K. de; Demuth, David; Densham, Chris; Diwan, Milind; Djurcic, Zelimir; Dolfini, R.; Dolph, Jeffrey; Drake, Gary; Dye, Stephen; Dyuang, Hongue; Edmunds, Daniel; Elliott, Steven; Elnimr, Muhammad; Eno, Sarah; Enomoto, Sanshiro; Escobar, Carlos O.; Evans, Justin; Falcone, A.; Falk, Lisa; Farbin, Amir; Farnese, Christian; Fava, Angela; Felde, John; Fernandes, S.; Ferroni, Fernando; Feyzi, Farshid; Fields, Laura; Finch, Alex; Fitton, Mike; Fleming, Bonnie; Fowler, Jack; Fox, Walt; Friedland, Alex; Fuess, Stu; Fujikawa, Brian; Gallagher, Hugh; Gandhi, Raj; Garvey, Gerald; Gehman, Victor M.; Geronimo, Gianluigi de; Gibin, Daniele; Gill, Ronald; Gomes, Ricardo A.; Goodman, Maury C.; Goon, Jason; Graf, Nicholas; Graham, Mathew; Gran, Rik; Grant, Christopher; Grant, Nick; Greenlee, Herbert; Greenler, Leland; Grullon, Sean; Guardincerri, Elena; Guarino, Victor; Guarnaccia, Evan; Guedes, Germano; Guenette, Roxanne; Guglielmi, Alberto; Guzzo, Marcelo M.; Habig, Alec T.; Hackenburg, Robert W.; Hadavand, Haleh; Hahn, Alan; Haigh, Martin; Haines, Todd; Handler, Thomas; Hans, Sunej; Hartnell, Jeff; Harton, John; Hatcher, Robert; Hatzikoutelis, Athans; Hays, Steven; Hazen, Eric; Headley, Mike; Heavey, Anne; Heeger, Karsten; Heise, Jaret; Hellauer, Robert; Hewes, Jeremy; Himmel, Alexander; Hogan, Matthew; Holanda, Pedro; Holin, Anna; Horton-Smith, Glenn; Howell, Joe; Hurh, Patrick; Huston, Joey; Hylen, James; Imlay, Richard; Insler, Jonathan; Introzzi, G.; Isvan, Zeynep; Jackson, Chris; Jacobsen, John; Jaffe, David E.; James, Cat; Jen, Chun-Min; Johnson, Marvin; Johnson, Randy; Johnson, Robert; Johnson, Scott; Johnston, William; Johnstone, John; Jones, Ben J.P.; Jostlein, H.; Junk, Thomas; Kadel, Richard; Kaess, Karl; Karagiorgi, Georgia; Kaspar, Jarek; Katori, Teppei; Kayser, Boris; Kearns, Edward; Keener, Paul; Kemp, Ernesto; Kettell, Steve H.; Kirby, Mike; Klein, Joshua; Koizumi, Gordon; Kopp, Sacha; Kormos, Laura; Kropp, William; Kudryavtsev, Vitaly A.; Kumar, Ashok; Kumar, Jason; Kutter, Thomas; Zia, Franco La; Lande, Kenneth; Lane, Charles; Lang, Karol; Lanni, Francesco; Lanza, Richard; Latorre, Tony; Learned, John; Lee, David; Lee, Kevin; Li, Qizhong; Li, Shaorui; Li, Yichen; Li, Zepeng; Libo, Jiang; Linden, Steve; Ling, Jiajie; Link, Jonathan; Littenberg, Laurence; Liu, Hu; Liu, Qiuguang; Liu, Tiankuan; Losecco, John; Louis, William; Lundberg, Byron; Lundin, Tracy; Lundy, Jay; Machado, Ana Amelia; Maesano, Cara; Magill, Steve; Mahler, George; Malon, David; Malys, Stephen; Mammoliti, Francesco; Mandal, Samit Kumar; Mann, Anthony; Mantsch, Paul; Marchionni, Alberto; Marciano, William; Mariani, Camillo; Maricic, Jelena; Marino, Alysia; Marshak, Marvin; Marshall, John; Matsuno, Shiegenobu; Mauger, Christopher; Mavrokoridis, Konstantinos; Mayer, Nate; McCauley, Neil; McCluskey, Elaine; McDonald, Kirk; McFarland, Kevin; McKee, David; McKeown, Robert; McTaggart, Robert; Mehdiyev, Rashid; Mei, Dongming; Menegolli, A.; Meng, Guang; Meng, Yixiong; Mertins, David; Messier, Mark; Metcalf, William; Milincic, Radovan; Miller, William; Mills, Geoff; Mishra, Sanjib R.; Mokhov, Nikolai; Montanari, Claudio; Montanari, David; Moore, Craig; Morfin, Jorge; Morgan, Ben; Morse, William; Moss, Zander; Moura, Célio A.; Mufson, Stuart; Muller, David; Musser, Jim; Naples, Donna; Napolitano, Jim; Newcomer, Mitch; Nichol, Ryan; Nicholls, Tim; Niner, Evan; Norris, Barry; Nowak, Jaroslaw; O'Keeffe, Helen; Oliveira, Roberto; Olson, Travis; Page, Brian; Pakvasa, Sandip; Palamara, Ornella; Paley, Jon; Paolone, Vittorio; Papadimitriou, Vaia; Park, Seongtae; Parsa, Zohreh; Partyka, Kinga; Paulos, Bob; Pavlovic, Zarko; Peeters, Simon; Perch, Andy; Perkin, Jon D.; Petti, Roberto; Petukhov, Andre; Pietropaolo, Francesco; Plunkett, Robert; Polly, Chris; Pordes, Stephen; Potekhin, Maxim; Potenza, Renato; Prakash, Arati; Prokofiev, Oleg; Qian, Xin; Raaf, Jennifer L.; Radeka, Veljko; Rakhno, Igor; Ramachers, Yorck; Rameika, Regina; Ramsey, John; Rappoldi, A.; Raselli, G.L.; Ratoff, Peter; Ravindra, Shreyas; Rebel, Brian; Reichenbacher, Juergen; Reitzner, Dianne; Rescia, Sergio; Richardson, Martin; Rielage, Kieth; Riesselmann, Kurt; Robinson, Matt; Rochester, Leon; Ronquest, Michael; Rosen, Marc; Rossella, M.; Rubbia, Carlo; Rucinski, Russ; Sahijpal, Sandeep; Sahoo, Himansu; Sala, Paola; Salmiera, Delia; Samios, Nicholas; Sanchez, Mayly; Scaramelli, Alberto; Schellman, Heidi; Schmitt, Richard; Schmitz, David; Schneps, Jack; Scholberg, Kate; Segreto, Ettore; Seibert, Stanley; Sexton-Kennedy, Liz; Shaevitz, Mike; Shanahan, Peter; Sharma, Rahul; Shaw, Terri; Simos, Nikolaos; Singh, Venktesh; Sinnis, Gus; Sippach, William; Skwarnicki, Tomasz; Smy, Michael; Sobel, Henry; Soderberg, Mitch; Sondericker, John; Sondheim, Walter; Sousa, Alexandre; Spooner, Neil J.C.; Stancari, Michelle; Stancu, Ion; Stefan, Dorota; Stefanik, Andy; Stewart, James; Stone, Sheldon; Strait, James; Strait, Matthew; Striganov, Sergei; Sullivan, Gregory; Sun, Yujing; Suter, Louise; Svenson, Andrew; Svoboda, Robert; Szczerbinska, Barbara; Szelc, Andrzej; Szydagis, Matthew; Söldner-Rembold, Stefan; Talaga, Richard; Tamsett, Matthew; Tariq, Salman; Tayloe, Rex; Taylor, Charles; Taylor, David; Teymourian, Artin; Themann, Harry; Thiesse, Matthew; Thomas, Jenny; Thompson, Lee F.; Thomson, Mark; Thorn, Craig; Thorpe, Matt; Tian, Xinchun; Tiedt, Doug; Toki, Walter; Tolich, Nikolai; Torti, M.; Toups, Matt; Touramanis, Christos; Tripathi, Mani; Tropin, Igor; Tsai, Yun-Tse; Tull, Craig; Tzanov, Martin; Urheim, Jon; Usman, Shawn; Vagins, Mark; Valdiviesso, Gustavo; Berg, Rick Van; Water, Richard Van de; Gemmeren, Peter Van; Varanini, Filippo; Varner, Gary; Vaziri, Kamran; Velev, Gueorgui; Ventura, Sandro; Vignoli, Chiara; Viren, Brett; Wahl, Dan; Waldron, Abby; Walter, Christopher W.; Wang, Hanguo; Wang, Wei; Warburton, Karl; Warner, David; Wasserman, Ryan; Watson, Blake; Weber, Alfons; Wei, Wenzhao; Wells, Douglas; Wetstein, Matthew; White, Andy; White, Hywel; Whitehead, Lisa; Whittington, Denver; Willhite, Joshua; Wilson, Robert J.; Winslow, Lindley; Wood, Kevin; Worcester, Elizabeth; Worcester, Matthew; Xin, Tian; Yarritu, Kevin; Ye, Jingbo; Yeh, Minfang; Yu, Bo; Yu, Jae; Yuan, Tianlu; Zani, A.; Zeller, Geralyn P.; Zhang, Chao; Zhang, Chao; Zimmerman, Eric D.; Zwaska, Robert (2013-07-28)
      The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the ...

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