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    Contribution of speckle noise in near-infrared spectroscopy measurements

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    © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
    Date Issued
    2019-10
    Publisher Version
    10.1117/1.JBO.24.10.105003
    Author(s)
    Ortega-Martinez, Antonio
    Zimmermann, Bernhard
    Cheng, Xiaojun
    Li, Xinge
    Yucel, Meryem Ayşe
    Boas, David A.
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    Permanent Link
    https://hdl.handle.net/2144/40875
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    Published version
    Citation (published version)
    Antonio Ortega-Martinez, Bernhard Zimmermann, Xiaojun Cheng, Xinge Li, Meryem Ayşe Yucel, David A Boas. 2019. "Contribution of speckle noise in near-infrared spectroscopy measurements." J Biomed Opt, Volume 24, Issue 10, pp. 1 - 6. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.24.10.105003
    Abstract
    Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is widely used in biomedical optics with applications ranging from basic science, such as in functional neuroimaging, to clinical, as in pulse oximetry. Despite the relatively low absorption of tissue in the near-infrared, there is still a significant amount of optical attenuation produced by the highly scattering nature of tissue. Because of this, designers of NIRS systems have to balance source optical power and source–detector separation to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). However, theoretical estimations of SNR neglect the effects of speckle. Speckle manifests as fluctuations of the optical power received at the detector. These fluctuations are caused by interference of the multiple random paths taken by photons in tissue. We present a model for the NIRS SNR that includes the effects of speckle. We performed experimental validations with a NIRS system to show that it agrees with our model. Additionally, we performed computer simulations based on the model to estimate the contribution of speckle noise for different collection areas and source–detector separations. We show that at short source–detector separation, speckle contributes most of the noise when using long coherence length sources. Considering this additional noise is especially important for hybrid applications that use NIRS and speckle contrast simultaneously, such as in diffuse correlation spectroscopy.
    Rights
    © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
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    • ENG: Biomedical Engineering: Scholarly Papers [270]
    • BU Open Access Articles [3730]


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