Fine-tuning of macrophage activation using synthetic rocaglate derivatives.

Date
2016-04-18
Authors
Bhattacharya, Bidisha
Chatterjee, Sujoy
Devine, William G.
Kobzik, Lester
Beeler, Aaron B.
Porco, John A.
Kramnik, Igor
Version
OA Version
Citation
Bidisha Bhattacharya, Sujoy Chatterjee, William G Devine, Lester Kobzik, Aaron B Beeler, John A Porco, Igor Kramnik. 2016. "Fine-tuning of macrophage activation using synthetic rocaglate derivatives.." Sci Rep, Volume 6, pp. 24409 - ?.
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria represent a significant global threat. Given the dearth of new antibiotics, host-directed therapies (HDTs) are especially desirable. As IFN-gamma (IFNγ) plays a central role in host resistance to intracellular bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we searched for small molecules to augment the IFNγ response in macrophages. Using an interferon-inducible nuclear protein Ipr1 as a biomarker of macrophage activation, we performed a high-throughput screen and identified molecules that synergized with low concentration of IFNγ. Several active compounds belonged to the flavagline (rocaglate) family. In primary macrophages a subset of rocaglates 1) synergized with low concentrations of IFNγ in stimulating expression of a subset of IFN-inducible genes, including a key regulator of the IFNγ network, Irf1; 2) suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and type I IFN and 3) induced autophagy. These compounds may represent a basis for macrophage-directed therapies that fine-tune macrophage effector functions to combat intracellular pathogens and reduce inflammatory tissue damage. These therapies would be especially relevant to fighting drug-resistant pathogens, where improving host immunity may prove to be the ultimate resource.
Description
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