von Lühmann, AlexanderZheng, YileiOrtega-Martinez, AntonioKiran, SwathiSomers, David C.Cronin-Golomb, AliceAwad, Louis N.Ellis, Terry D.Boas, David A.Yücel, Meryem A.2022-06-022022-06-022021-02A. von Lühmann, Y. Zheng, A. Ortega-Martinez, S. Kiran, D.C. Somers, A. Cronin-Golomb, L.N. Awad, T.D. Ellis, D.A. Boas, M.A. Yücel. 2021. "Towards Neuroscience of the Everyday World (NEW) using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy." Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering, 2021, vol. 18, pp. 100272 - 100272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobme.2021.1002722468-4511https://hdl.handle.net/2144/44489Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Biomed Eng. 2021 June ; 18: doi:10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100272.Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) assesses human brain activity by noninvasively measuring changes of cerebral hemoglobin concentrations caused by modulation of neuronal activity. Recent progress in signal processing and advances in system design, such as miniaturization, wearability, and system sensitivity, have strengthened fNIRS as a viable and cost-effective complement to functional magnetic resonance imaging, expanding the repertoire of experimental studies that can be performed by the neuroscience community. The availability of fNIRS and electroencephalography for routine, increasingly unconstrained, and mobile brain imaging is leading toward a new domain that we term “Neuroscience of the Everyday World” (NEW). In this light, we review recent advances in hardware, study design, and signal processing, and discuss challenges and future directions.p. 100272en-USCopyright 2021 Elsevier. This post-print version is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/fNIRSBrainMobileNeuroscienceEveryday worldReal worldReal lifeArticle10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100272606368