Wilson, Robert E.Sonsthagen, Sarah A.DaCosta, Jeffrey M.Sorenson, Michael D.Fox, Anthony D.Weaver, MelanieSkalos, DanKondratyev, Alexander V.Scribner, Kim T.Walsh, AlynEly, Craig R.Talbot, Sandra L.2024-03-282024-03-282022-12R.E. Wilson, S.A. Sonsthagen, J.M. DaCosta, M.D. Sorenson, A.D. Fox, M. Weaver, D. Skalos, A.V. Kondratyev, K.T. Scribner, A. Walsh, C.R. Ely, S.L. Talbot. 2022. "As the Goose Flies: Migration Routes and Timing Influence Patterns of Genetic Diversity in a Circumpolar Migratory Herbivore" Diversity, Volume 14, Issue 12, pp.1067-1067. https://doi.org/10.3390/d141210671424-2818https://hdl.handle.net/2144/48516Migration schedules and the timing of other annual events (e.g., pair formation and molt) can affect the distribution of genetic diversity as much as where these events occur. The greater white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) is a circumpolar goose species, exhibiting temporal and spatial variation of events among populations during the annual cycle. Previous range-wide genetic assessments of the nuclear genome based on eight microsatellite loci suggest a single, largely panmictic population despite up to five subspecies currently recognized based on phenotypic differences. We used double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD-seq) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data to re-evaluate estimates of spatial genomic structure and to characterize how past and present processes have shaped the patterns of genetic diversity and connectivity across the Arctic and subarctic. We uncovered previously undetected inter-population differentiation with genetic clusters corresponding to sampling locales associated with current management groups. We further observed subtle genetic clustering within each management unit that can be at least partially explained by the timing and directionality of migration events along with other behaviors during the annual cycle. The Tule Goose (A. a. elgasi) and Greenland subspecies (A. a. flavirostris) showed the highest level of divergence among all sampling locales investigated. The recovery of previously undetected broad and fine-scale spatial structure suggests that the strong cultural transmission of migratory behavior restricts gene flow across portions of the species’ range. Our data further highlight the importance of re-evaluating previous assessments conducted based on a small number of highly variable genetic markers in phenotypically diverse species.p. 1067enCopyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Anser albifronsGene flowGreater white-fronted gooseCircumpolar distributionConnectivityMigratory flywayPopulation structureAnalytical chemistryEnvironmental science and managementEcologyDistributed computingElectrical and electronic engineeringAnalytical chemistryElectrical engineeringElectronics, sensors and digital hardwareEnvironmental managementDistributed computing and systems softwareArticle2024-02-0910.3390/d141210670000-0003-1800-0183 (Wilson, Robert E)0000-0002-8590-2083 (DaCosta, Jeffrey M)0000-0001-5375-2917 (Sorenson, Michael D)0000-0001-8083-7633 (Fox, Anthony D)0000-0003-3416-2828 (Scribner, Kim T)769595