Industrial development of Worcester, Massachusetts
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Abstract
In order to understand the reasons for the industrial
growth of Worcester, it is essential to be familiar with
the topography of the area. Located in a valley without any
natural resources to stimulate industry, Worcester is at a
disadvantage. However, there were small streams in the area
which were used for water power in the early stages of
development. This source of water power supplied the area
with ground grain and lumber.
The first phase of manufacturing in Worcester
dates back to 1713, with the third and permanent settlement
of Worcester. Industry kept on slowly developing until the
enactment of the Embargo Act of 1807. This stimulated the
growth of home industry and improvements in transportation.
The Blackstone Canal, completed in 1828, provided seasonal
transportation to the sea. Manufacturing was further aided by
the development of three railroads, between 1835 and 1847.
This gave industry a year-round transportation service.
It was not until 1840 that steam was used to any
great extent in Worcester. Steam power supplemented the
inadequate water power and the rapid growth of industry began
which was not yet abated.
Although the railroads and introduction of steam
for power supplied a market outlet, the main factor in the
development is the people of Worcester or the human element.
The creative and inventive ability of the people has led
to a great demand for the products and skills of the area.
By a comparison of various maps such as topographic,
population, land use, soils , and industrial locations, it is
apparent that manufacturing is restricted to the valley.
Space is a vital factor in future development and is at a
premium in the valley.
Through personal interviews with representatives
of the six leading companies in the city, a survey of the
growth of industry was made. This was made from a geographical
point of view. The site location, source of materials,
transportation, markets and other factors in the development
were discussed. It was found that the present phase of
diversified development is due primarly to the people.
The locational factors were found to be home industries,
labor availability, and production relationships.
The conclusion was reached that the human factor
is more important as a basic locational and developmental
factor for manufacturing companies than is generally realized.
In addition to this, the space problem is a continuous one.
The only solution to this problem would be to follow the
north-south trend of the valley for future expansion. With
the present day means of transportation, there is no problem
in relation to the resources or markets for suburban
expansion.
Description
Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University
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