Effect of the GentleWave System on dentin microhardness and sealer penetration: an in vitro study
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Citation
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of the GentleWave (GW) System on dentin hardness and sealer penetration in root canal treatment, aiming to assess its potential advantages over conventional techniques. Conventional instrumentation can alter root canal anatomy, necessitating irrigation methods that minimize mechanical impact. The GW System, utilizing multisonic energy to activate irrigation solutions, has been lauded for its advantages in bacterial reduction, superior debris removal, and minimal dentin erosion.
Samples (n=10) were randomly assigned to three groups: control (Group C), traditional root canal treatment (Group T), and GW with minimal instrumentation (Group G). Following irrigation and obturation with AH Plus sealer and gutta percha using cold lateral compaction, transverse slices were obtained at 2-, 5-, and 8-mm distances from the apex. Assessment methods included microhardness testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Vickers Test results revealed significant differences in hardness values, with Group C exhibiting the highest and Group T the lowest values. In terms of sealer penetration, Group G demonstrated significantly higher penetration than Group T overall (p = 0.004). When considering slice locations, no significant differences were observed in the coronal sections. However, in the middle and apical thirds, Group T exhibited significantly lower sealer penetration levels (p = 0.02).
These findings suggest that the GW System maintains dentin hardness while promoting enhanced sealer penetration compared to traditional root canal treatment methods. By preserving dentin integrity and facilitating deeper sealer penetration, the GW System may contribute to improved treatment outcomes and long-term success rates in root canal therapy. These results support the adoption of innovative irrigation techniques, such as the GW System, in clinical practice to optimize patient care and treatment efficacy.