HHLA2 & IGPR1 roles in tumor progression and metastasis
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Abstract
The metastatic pathways determine the process by which cancer cells give rise to a metastatic lesion in a new tissue or organ. Cell-cell adhesion is a central aspect of many of these metastatic pathways. Cell adhesion molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (Ig-SF) commonly play a central role in cell-cell adhesion, and a number of these molecules have been associated with cancer progression and a metastatic phenotype. HERV-H LTR-associating protein 2 (HHLA2) and immunoglobulin-containing and proline-rich receptor-1 (IGPR1) are two recently discovered IG-SF cellular adhesion molecules of the B7 and CD 28 family that are overexpressed in several cancer cell lines and contribute to increased growth, metastatic phenotype and decreased immune cell infiltration status. Regarding the accumulating evidence on the potential interaction between IGPR1 and HHLA2 in immune regulation we sought to explore the effects of this proposed interaction in the phosphorylation of IGPR1 on SER220. Our results show that HHLA2 reduces phosphorylation of IGPR1 at Ser220 in a in vitro co-culture assay. Taken together, our data suggests that IGPR-1/HHLA2 pathway could regulate cell invasion and metastasis by stimulating and increased prosurvival and metastatic phenotype.
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Attribution 4.0 International