Regeneration of the implant-bone connection: a systematic literature review
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Citation
Abstract
This systematic literature review investigates the potential for regenerating the bone-to-implant connection (osseointegration) in cases of peri-implantitis by evaluating histological evidence from animal and human studies. A total of 27 studies, including 24 animal and 3 human case reports, were analyzed to assess bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone gain following regenerative treatments. The results indicate that while complete re-osseointegration is rarely achieved, partial re-osseointegration has been histologically observed on roughened implant surfaces. Factors influencing outcomes include original implant surface characteristics, defect morphology, decontamination protocols, graft materials, and the use of biologics such as recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). In these studies, re-osseointegration may occur in the apical region of peri-implant defects, while the coronal area is often occupied by soft tissue or mineralized tissue that does not make direct contact with the implant surface. The current evidence is insufficient to draw definitive comparisons between various decontamination techniques, regenerative approaches, or grafting materials.
Description
2026