The role of eicosanoids in cancer and inflammation

Date
2023
DOI
Authors
Gillespie, Michael
Version
OA Version
Citation
Abstract
Inflammation is the body’s natural response to injury or infection by pathogens (73). Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of cancer and may act to exacerbate tumor growth and metastasis(116). The resolution of inflammation is now known to be an active process mediated by small lipid autacoid molecules termed specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs)(73,90). Chronic inflammation can result in a vicious cycle of tissue injury, inflammation, and further tissue injury. We evaluated the SPM, resolvin E1 (RvE1), to stimulate the resolution of inflammation in multiple murine models of pancreatic cancer and metastasis. RvE1 mediated macrophage class switching in the tumor microenvironment, increased immune cell infiltration, and improved immune resistance(116). On the macroscopic scale, RvE1 treatment inhibited tumor growth and number of metastases. Notably, multiple studies showed that RvE1 improved anti-tumor activity of current frontline cancer treatments such as chemotherapy (e.g. cisplatin and gemcitabine) and immunotherapy (e.g. anti-PD1). There was no observed toxicity associated with RvE1 as both a monotherapy and in combination with other treatments. These results show the efficacy of RvE1 in enhancing the resolution of inflammation within the pancreatic cancer microenvironment and suppressing tumor growth. The current study provides a robust platform for conducting further pre-clinical investigations for SPMs in the treatment of different cancer types.
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