Diabetes-enhanced fox 01 activation induces retinal microvascular cell loss and is mediated by TNF-[alpha] in experimental diabetic retinopathy
Date
2007
DOI
Authors
Behl, Yugal
Version
OA Version
Citation
Abstract
Microvascular cell loss plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, an important cause of blindness. To investigate molecular mechanisms responsible for diabetes-increased microvascular cell death animal models of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes were used to investigate the role of elevated TNF-[alpha] and FOXO1 activity in the retinas of diabetic rats. Inhibition of TNF by pegsunercept in vivo significantly reduced diabetes-enhanced FOXO1 activation and microvascular cell apoptosis in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Pegsunercept also reduced the formation of pericyte ghosts and acellular capillaries; characteristic lesions of early diabetic retinopathy in both type l and type 2 diabetes. The relationship between high glucose, TNF-[alpha] and FOXO1 in retinal microvascular endothelial cells was further investigated in vitro. High glucose induced apoptosis that was TNF dependent through a mechanism that invoIved activation of FOXO1. By siRNA and focused microarrays several classes of genes that regulate endothelial cells were induced by TNF-[alpha] and high glucose in vitro and many of the genes induced by high glucose were FOXO1 dependent.
Intravitreal injection of FOXO1 siRNA in vivo significantly reduced diabetes enhanced apoptosis of retinal microvascular cells and subsequent pericyte ghost formation and acellular capillary formation in type 1 model of diabetes. FOXO1 silencing in vivo reduced retinal microvascular cell apoptosis in type 2 model also. These results demonstrate a previously unrecognized role for FOXO1 and TNF-α in promoting the early pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy and demonstrate the potential therapeutic benefit of modulating their activity.
Description
PLEASE NOTE: This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community: please click Download and log in with a valid BU account to access. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact open-help@bu.edu.
Thesis (D.Sc.)--Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2007 (Periodontology and Oral Biology).
Includes bibliography: leaves 141-158.
Thesis (D.Sc.)--Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2007 (Periodontology and Oral Biology).
Includes bibliography: leaves 141-158.
License
This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact open-help@bu.edu.