Effect of scattering angle on Earth reflectance
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Marshak, Alexander
Delgado-Bonal, Alfonso
Knyazikhin, Yuri
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A. Marshak, A. Delgado-Bonal, Y. Knyazikhin. "Effect of Scattering Angle on Earth Reflectance." Frontiers in Remote Sensing, Volume 2, https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2021.719610
Abstract
After March 2020 the range of scattering angle for DSCOVR EPIC and NISTAR has been substantially increased with its upper bound reaching 178°. This provides a unique opportunity to observe bi-directional effects of reflectance near backscattering directions. The dependence of the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance on scattering angle is shown separately for ocean and land areas, for cloudy and clear pixels, while cloudy pixels are also separated into liquid and ice clouds. A strong increase of TOA reflectance towards backscattering direction is reported for all components (except cloudless areas over ocean). The observed increase of reflectance is confirmed by cloud and vegetation models. The strongest correlation between TOA reflectance and scattering angle was found near IR where contribution from vegetation dominates. Surface Bidirectional Reflectance Factor (BRF) acquired by DSCOVR EPIC and Terra MISR sensors over the Amazon basin is used to demonstrate the bi-directional effects of solar zenith and scattering angles on variation of reflected radiation from rainforest.
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Copyright © 2021 Marshak, Delgado-Bonal and Knyazikhin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.