Platelet rich plasma and resolvin E1 on osteoclastic differentiation and osteoblastic growth
Date
2010
DOI
Authors
Yu, Leon Charles
Version
OA Version
Citation
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue that is constantly being reshaped by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts are mononuclear cells responsible for bone formation. Osteoclasts are large multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a concentrated source of autologous platelets. PRP contains and releases, through the degranulation of the platelets, growth factors and cytokines that stimulate bone and tissue healing. PRP has become an increasingly useful clinical tool as an alternative source of growth factors in medicine, including surgical applications in dentistry. It has been speculated that the results of PRP applications in a clinical setting could be unpredictable due to the inflammatory process during wound healing. Resolution of inflammation is an actively regulated process that involves the formation and actions of specific mediators, such as the resolvins. Resolvins are a unique family of lipids derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. RvE1 resolves the inflammation by reducing neutrophil infiltration, edema, and proinflammatory cytokine expression. In this study, the impact of platelet rich plasma and Resolvin E1 on osteoclastic differentiation and osteoblastic growth was investigated. Osteoclasts were differentiated from primary human peripheral blood monocytes, and osteoblasts were cultured from a cell line of osteosarcoma cells; with or without the presence of PRP and RvE1. Osteoclastic activity was studied by analyzing the resorption pattern that the osteoclasts created on dentin discs and by analyzing the expression of cathepsin K mRNA. Osteoblastic activity was studied by analyzing the expression of osteocalcin mRNA. It was found that PRP and RvE1 comparably increased osteoblastic expression of osteocalcin and suppressed osteoclast differentiation and activity. This suggests that anti-inflammatory and proresolution mediators could facilitate the healing process in bone through direct action on osteoblasts and osteoclasts while indirectly allowing the growth factors in PRP to stimulate the osseous regeneration.
Description
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Thesis (MSD) --Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2010 (Department of Periodontology and Oral Biology).
Includes bibliographic references: leaves 63-71.
Thesis (MSD) --Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2010 (Department of Periodontology and Oral Biology).
Includes bibliographic references: leaves 63-71.
License
This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact open-help@bu.edu.