Hummel reforged: Piano Sonata Op. 81
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Abstract
This study examines the Piano Sonata Opus 81 in F-sharp minor, by the Austrian composer Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778–1837). Despite the considerable existing scholarship on Hummel’s life and influence, a pianistic perspective has been largely overlooked, especially concerning his Sonata Op. 81. By analyzing specific metrics and drawing comparisons between historical piano treatises and modern learning theories, the present study sheds new light on Hummel’s compositional style and pedagogical ideas, using the Piano Sonata Op. 81, as the centerpiece. Examples from the work demonstrate Hummel’s style of ornamentation, and his use of fantasy elements, virtuosic innovations, and his important role in continuing the improvisation tradition. To demonstrate Hummel’s expansion of fantasy elements and anticipation of Romantic virtuosity, this study provides comparisons to works by Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Liszt. Finally, the study explores Hummel’s anticipation of modern learning theories. By providing a practical guide for use in the contemporary studio or on stage, this study attempts to “reforge” Hummel’s standing as an important pedagogue, composer and pianist worthy of serious consideration and study.