Efficacy of contemporary remineralizing agents in preventing and reversing enamel demineralization in-vitro
Date
2013
DOI
Authors
Al-Amoudi, Ibtyhal Abdulrahman
Version
OA Version
Citation
Abstract
Objectives: The present in vitro study used microhardness to evaluate the demineralization potential of four common beverages (Coke , Red Bull, Tropicana Orange Juice, Milk, and deionized water (control)) on human enamel and to assess the protective and remineralizing potential of four contemporary enamel remineralizing agents (MI Paste Plus, Pronamel, MI Varnish, Prevident) on enamel demineralization produced by soft drinks. Materials & Methods: 486 human enamel specimens were mounted in epoxy resin and then ground and polished. Baseline surface microhardness of enamel was measured with a MicroMet 2003 (Buehler, USA) using a Knoop indenter at 50g load for 10s. a) To assess the demineralizing potential of the beverages tested, 150 enamel specimens were divided into 5 groups (n=30), and were immersed in the corresponding drink at room temperature for 20 minutes. KHN 20min was recorded. b) To assess the remineralizing potential of the tested agents, 168 samples were subjected to 20 minutes of immersion in the corresponding drink. Agents were applied according to the manufacturers’ instructions and samples were stored in artificial saliva overnight. KHN was recorded. c) To assess the protective potential of the remineralizing agents, 168 enamel specimens were divided into 4 treatment groups. Agents were applied according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Samples were then subjected to 20 minutes of immersion in the corresponding drink. KHN was recorded.
Statistical Analysis: To evaluate the demineralizing potential of the tested beverages, data were analyzed using the Paired T-test followed by One-way ANOVA. To evaluate the protective and remineralizing effects of the agents, data were analyzed using repeated-measures two-way ANOVA to test the effect of the treatment agent type and the time periods on enamel hardness, followed by a one-way ANOVA and Sidak multiple comparisons. Significance level was set at P=0.05. Results: Coke has the highest demineralization potential, since it reduced enamel hardness values by 52%, followed by Red Bull and Orange Juice in which they reduced enamel hardness by 42% and 18% respectively. After 4 and 14 days of treatment, MI Paste Plus, Pronamel, Prevident and MI Varnish were effective in rehardening softened enamel immersed in Coke, Red Bull and Orange Juice vs. the artificial saliva control (P[less than]0.05). Conclusions: Acidic beverages significantly reduce enamel microhardness (P[less than]0.05). The tested remineralizing agents exhibited significant remineralizing potentials on enamel demineralization by soft drinks (P[less than]0.05). Application of the treatment agents prior to immersion in the acidic beverages significantly protects enamel surfaces against demineralization (P[less than]0.05). Although they improved enamel micorhardness, none of the materials returned the hardness value to the baseline.
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Thesis (DScD) --Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2013 (Department of Restorative Sciences and Biomaterials).
Includes bibliographic references: leaves 89-94.
Thesis (DScD) --Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2013 (Department of Restorative Sciences and Biomaterials).
Includes bibliographic references: leaves 89-94.
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This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact open-help@bu.edu.