The Prospective Contribution of Hostility Characteristics to High Fasting Glucose Levels
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Date
2011-12-29
Authors
Shen, Biing-Jiun
Countryman, Amanda J.
Spiro, Avron
Niaura, Raymond
Version
OA Version
Citation
Shen, Biing-Jiun, Amanda J. Countryman, Avron Spiro, Raymond Niaura. "The Prospective Contribution of Hostility Characteristics to High Fasting Glucose Levels" Diabetes Care 31(7): 1293-1298. (2008)
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether psychological constructs of hostility, anger, type A behavior pattern, and depressive symptom severity 1) were associated with concurrent and prospective fasting glucose levels and 2) whether this association was moderated by marital status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants were 485 healthy men ([mean ± SD] age 59 ± 7 years) without a history of heart disease, diabetes, or taking related medications in the Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study. Their fasting glucose levels between 1986 and 1995 were examined. Hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to investigate whether hostility, anger, type A behavior, and depressive symptoms were associated with concurrent fasting glucose levels as well as fasting glucose 9 years later, controlling for standard sociodemographic and biomedical covariates, including baseline fasting glucose, age, education, marital status, BMI, total cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure. RESULTS: Although none of the psychological variables were associated with concurrent fasting glucose, Cook-Medley hostility (β = 0.105), anger (β = 0.091), and type A behavior (β = 0.152) each were associated with prospective fasting glucose 9 years later, controlling for standard covariates. Depressive symptom severity was not associated with either concurrent or follow-up glucose levels. Further analysis showed that marital status moderated the effects of these characteristics on follow-up fasting glucose such that hostility, anger, and type A behavior were significant only among those who were not married (β = 0.348, 0.444, 0.439, respectively; all P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Hostility, anger, and type A behavior appear to be independent risk factors for impaired glucose metabolism among unmarried older men.
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License
Copyright 2008, American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.