Cascading failures in interdependent networks with multiple supply-demand links and functionality thresholds
Date
2017-11-08
Authors
Di Muro, M.A.
Valdez, L.D.
Aragao Rego, Henio Henruque
Buldyrev, Sergey V.
Stanley, H.E.
Braunstein, Lidia A.
Version
Published version
OA Version
Citation
M. A. Di Muro, L. D. Valdez, H. H. Aragao Rego, S. V. Buldyrev, H. E. Stanley, L. A. Braunstein. 2017. "Cascading Failures in Interdependent Networks with Multiple Supply-Demand Links and Functionality Thresholds." SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, Volume 7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14384-y
Abstract
Various social, financial, biological and technological systems can be modeled by interdependent networks. It has been assumed that in order to remain functional, nodes in one network must receive the support from nodes belonging to different networks. So far these models have been limited to the case in which the failure propagates across networks only if the nodes lose all their supply nodes. In this paper we develop a more realistic model for two interdependent networks in which each node has its own supply threshold, i.e., they need the support of a minimum number of supply nodes to remain functional. In addition, we analyze different conditions of internal node failure due to disconnection from nodes within its own network. We show that several local internal failure conditions lead to similar nontrivial results. When there are no internal failures the model is equivalent to a bipartite system, which can be useful to model a financial market. We explore the rich behaviors of these models that include discontinuous and continuous phase transitions. Using the generating functions formalism, we analytically solve all the models in the limit of infinitely large networks and find an excellent agreement with the stochastic simulations.
Description
License
Copyright © The Author(s) 2017. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.